Binary similarity detection determines whether two given binary code snippets are similar or not, usually on function granularity. This task is challenging due to different compilation optimizations and CPU architectures. Recently, deep-learning methods have made great achievements in this field, although most of them use artificially selected features or ignore some important semantic information like code literals or function signatures during feature processing. In addition, random samples and pair loss function are used in similarity training, which only covers limited similarity relations between functions. In this paper, a new framework MFEN-Sim is proposed to detect similar binary functions. The framework contains three stages: feature extraction and normalization, mutli-feature based function feature embedding network (MFEN) and similarity learning network. Multiple features including assembly instructions, CFG structures and function code literals are extracted from binary functions. Then these features are fed into MFEN composed of three modules: function semantic and structure embedding module, function signature prediction module, and function code literal embedding module. The three modules generate embeddings representing the function semantic and structural features, the function signature prediction features and the function code literal features. Finally, MFEN-Sim utilizes a similarity training network based on contrastive learning to make MFEN recognize more similarity relations between functions. MFEN-Sim is evaluated on 281,601 functions in 144 binaries and 17 CVEs in real-world software. Experimental results show that our work outperforms state-of-the-art systems ( i.e., Gemini, FIT and SAFE) by 7.1%, 9.9% and 8.2% on AUC metric in cross-architecture, optimization-level similarity detection, and achieves higher recall than baselines in searching vulnerabilities in real-world applications.

Microbial communities are complex networks of microorganisms that interact with each other and their environment. Understanding the functional roles of individual species and their interactions is challenging. High-throughput sequencing has provided valuable insights into microbial communities, but the vast amounts of data generated make deciphering mechanisms difficult. Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) provide a powerful framework for studying the functional roles of individual genes and their interactions in complex biological systems. In microbial ecology, GRNs can be used to identify key regulatory genes and their targets involved in ecological processes. By integrating genomic and transcriptomic data with environmental metadata, GRNs can reveal the genetic architecture of microbial communities. This review provides an overview of the application of GRNs in microbial ecology and discusses the challenges and opportunities of using this approach. Case studies demonstrate the potential of GRNs in uncovering novel insights into microbial community structure and function. Integration of GRNs with other omics approaches and environmental metadata holds great promise in advancing our understanding of microbial ecology and its relevance to human health and environmental sustainability.

Vortex generators (VGs) have been widely applied to wind turbines thanks to their potential to increase aerodynamic performance. Due to the complex inflow perceived by a rotor and the proneness to flow separation, VGs on wind turbines usually experience highly unsteady flow. While there are models that exist to simulate the steady effects of VGs, we lack a fast and efficient tool to model the unsteady performance of airfoils equipped with VGs. This paper adopts an unsteady double-wake panel model with viscous-inviscid interaction developed to simulate a vertical axis turbine in dynamic stall, adding the capability of predicting the dynamic aerodynamic performance of VG-equipped airfoils. The results of a series of steady and unsteady cases of an airfoil with different VG configurations in various pitch motions in free and forced transition are verified against experimental data. Results show that the double wake model offers sufficient accuracy results compared to experimental data to claim the model’s validity in a preliminary evaluation of an airfoil’s capability to prevent stall with VGs. While a few limitations are still identified for improvement, the model’s accuracy in predicting the transition location, separation and reattachment, and drag forces into future development.

An SLE patient with persistent elevated conjugated bilirubin as the initial symptom: a case reportJun Liu1, Ying Huang1, Tingting Shen1, Xingyi Li2, Fang Zhao3, Xiaoxia Liu4, Shan Zhang4 ,Pengjia Wu4, Na Li4, Long Li4*, and Jiashun Zeng41Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;[email protected] of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 2nd Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China;[email protected] Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China;[email protected] Medical University, Guizhou Province, [email protected] Medical University, Guizhou Province, China. ;[email protected] of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; [email protected] of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; [email protected] of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; [email protected] of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; [email protected]*Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; [email protected] of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; [email protected] informed consent was obtained from the patient to publish this report in accordance with the journal’s patient consent policy1.Data availability statement: All relevant data are within the paper.2.funding statement: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.3.conflict of interest disclosure: All authors have no conflicts of interest. On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.4.ethics approval statement: The ethics committee approval from the authors’ institution have been obtained for this study.5.patient consent statement: Patients’ informed consent have been obtained for this study.6.permission to reproduce material from other sources: The study allows reproduction of the material from other sources.7.clinical trial registration：The study was retrospective and therefore not registered in clinical trials.

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) belongs to the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors, which exhibit large multi-domain extracellular N termini that mediate cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. To explore the existence of BAI1 isoforms, we queried genomic datasets for markers of active chromatin and new transcript variants in the ADGRB1 (adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor B1) gene. Two major types of mRNAs were identified in human/mouse brain, those with a start codon in exon 2 encoding a full-length protein of a predicted size of 173.5/173.3 kDa and shorter transcripts starting from alternative exons at the intron 17/exon 18 boundary with new or exon 19 start codons, predicting two shorter isoforms of 76.9/76.4 and 70.8/70.5 kDa, respectively. Immunoblots on wild-type and Adgrb1 exon 2-deleted mice, reverse transcription PCR, and promoter-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the shorter isoforms originate from an alternative promoter in intron 17. The shorter BAI1 isoforms lack most of the N terminus and are very close in structure to the truncated BAI1 isoform generated through GPS processing from the full-length receptor. The cleaved BAI1 isoform has a 19 amino acid extracellular stalk that may serve as a receptor agonist, while the alternative transcripts generate BAI1 isoforms with extracellular N termini of 5 or 60 amino acids. Further studies are warranted to compare the functions of these isoforms and examine the distinct roles they play in different tissues and cell types.

The robustness of a linear system in the view of parametric variations requires a stability analysis of a family of polynomials. If the parameters vary in a compact set A, then obtaining necessary and sufficient conditions to determine stability on the family F A is one of the most important tasks in the field of robust control. Two interesting classes of families arise when A is a diamond or a box of dimension n+1. These families will be denoted by F D n and F B n , respectively. In this paper a study is presented to contribute to the understanding of Hurwitz stability of families of polynomials F A . As a result of this study and the use of classical results found in the literature, it is shown the existence of an extremal polynomial f ( α ∗ , x ) whose stability determines the stability of the entire family F A . In this case f ( α ∗ , x ) comes from minimizing determinants and sometimes f ( α ∗ , x ) coincides with a Kharitonov’s polynomial. Thus another extremal property of Kharitonov’s polynomials has been found. To illustrate the versatility/generality of our approach, this is addressed to families such as F D n and F B n , when n≤5. Furthermore, the study is also used to obtain the maximum robustness of the parameters of a polynomial. To exemplify the proposed results, first, a family F D n is taken from the literature to compare and corroborate the effectiveness and the advantage of our perspective. Followed by two examples where the maximum robustness of the parameters of polynomials of degree 3 and 4 are obtained. Lastly, a family F B 5 is proposed whose extreme polynomial is not necessarily a Kharitonov’s polynomial.

1. Ice coverage duration on lakes and ponds is decreasing due to climate change, but experimentally testing the effects of decreased ice coverage on aquatic communities is challenging in field settings. 2. To assess whether we could simulate changes predicted to occur in aquatic habitats as climate change progresses including shorter ice duration, warmer temperatures, and thinner ice and associated water chemistry changes, we designed and constructed greenhouses to place over a set of ten experimental ponds, roughly 3x3m in area which slope to a maximum depth of 1m, dug into the ground at the Koffler Scientific Reserve (Ontario, Canada). Half of the wedge-shaped greenhouses were enclosed on all sides (n=5) while the other the other half were open on three sides, with only the top fitted with plastic sheeting (n=5). The open greenhouses provided a less-warmed treatment while controlling for precipitation reduction and light filtering caused by the sheeting. In November 2019 greenhouses were placed over the ponds. Snow was cleared from the greenhouses and water chemistry measures were taken once weekly through the 2019-2020 winter. 3. Ice was thinner across the winter and melted on average 10.6 days earlier in closed greenhouses compared to open greenhouses. Average winter water temperatures were also significantly higher in closed versus open greenhouses although these differences were not significant in all months. Similarly, maximum and minimum water temperatures were also higher in ponds with closed compared with open greenhouses. We successfully demonstrate a method for simulating expected changes in ice conditions as climate change progresses including decreasing ice coverage duration at levels similar to those observed in north temperate ecosystems (per century) and alpine ecosystems (per 36 years) and raising temperatures in a highly manipulatable experimental system.

Executive Summary This policy brief provides lessons learned from development of Botswana Christian Health & AIDS Intervention Program (BOCHAIP) 2022-2026 strategy. In this strategy development paper, we outline the process of strategy development in a community health service providing non-governmental organization, six months of strategy implementation and make recommendations for strategic planning. The findings from this community-based organisation’s strategic plan development process extends scholarship on non-governmental organization strategy planning and development scholarship The findings from this paper could be utilised by other civil society organisation that experience similar strategy development process realities while taking into consideration the uniqueness of each organisation.

With the large-scale development of drugs, understanding the drug phase behaviors in complex systems become increasingly important. Among them, the solubility of drugs in biorelevant media needs to be urgently understood. To address this challenge, new strategies based on machine learning models are proposed. First, the strategy trains five machine learning models based on fifteen molecular descriptors of the drug molecular properties. The XGboost model was identified as the best predictive model for predicting drug solubility performance in various solvents. Next, the input feature vectors were expanded for machine learning using the MACCS chemical fingerprint coupled with the XGboost model. The MACCS chemical fingerprint coupled with the XGboost model has significantly improved the prediction accuracy of drug solubility. This finding demonstrates that the proposed strategy has solubility prediction capability, which is expected to provide valid information for drug development and drug solvent screening.

The Enhance Low Dose Rate Sensitivity (ELDRS) of bipolar devices is one of the important effects on space electronics systems that could be impact on its high reliability and long life. It is important to ensure radiation reliability for space applications by evaluating ELDRS of bipolar devices. However, the low dose rate irradiation test has a long period and high cost, so accelerated testing methods are required. In this paper, low dose rate, high dose rate and hydrogen soaking accelerated irradiation experiments are carried out on the operational amplifier circuit (XJ139), and the experimental data of high and low dose rate of the circuit are analyzed, the conclusion that the circuit has a ELDRS effect is given. Experiments on circuit irradiation effects under different hydrogen concentrations and immersion time were carried out. The degradation data of irradiation-sensitive parameters under different hydrogen soaking pretreatment conditions were analyzed. The optimal combination conditions for hydrogen soaking are given based on this circuit, and verified by experiments. At last, the degradation equivalence under accelerated hydrogen soaking and low dose rate irradiation test results is analyzed and discussed. The results show that the degradation degree of the samples after hydrogenation pretreatment after high dose rate irradiation is comparable to that of low dose rate irradiation. The research results can be used to guide the development of low dose rate accelerated tests and engineering applications.

Clarifying the distribution and dynamics of soil moisture during the freeze-thaw process is crucial for surface ecology and is an objective requirement to investigate the mechanism of changes during the groundwater recharge process in a freeze-thaw zone. Based on the monitoring data of soil moisture and temperature in the Changbai Mountain area, the freeze-thaw process is classified into four periods. This study investigates the hydrothermal migration processes during different periods. The simultaneous heat and water model is used to simulate and analyze the infiltration of soil moisture into groundwater under five precipitation guarantee rates. The results are as follows: (1) The smaller the soil depth, the stronger is the correlation between soil temperature and air temperature during the freeze-thaw process. (2) The redistribution of soil moisture before and after freeze-thaw is significantly affected by the soil texture, and soil permeability affects the recharge of soil moisture from the upper region to the lower region during the thawing period. (3) Groundwater receives vertical infiltration recharge mainly during non-freezing and is supplied by freezing and snowmelt recharge during the stable thawing period. The percentage of soil water infiltration during the stable thawing period in the total annual infiltration increases gradually with the precipitation guarantee rate.

Introduction. Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP) is a rare condition associated with vascular tumors such as kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and tufted angioma; it can be life threatening, due to its consumptive coagulopathy. Thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia are characteristic of KMP, and anemia and raised d-dimer levels can also be detected. Here, we report a 7-month-old Cambodian with the condition. Case Presentation. The infant was admitted to the National Pediatric Hospital in Phnom Penh because of a mass on the right side of the neck that had been progressively enlarging. The patient had severe thrombocytopenia (8,000/µL), anemia (Hb 7.6g/dL) and reduced fibrinogen level (1.5g/L). CT scan and histology of the lesion confirmed a diagnosis of hemangioma. Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon was diagnosed, and the infant was treated with platelets and fresh frozen plasma infusions, prednisolone (2mg/kg/day) and propranolol (2.5mg/kg/day). After eight weeks of therapy, platelets raised to 102,000/µL. The infant developed Cushing’s syndrome after 6 months of treatment and prednisolone was scaled down to a maintenance dose of 0.5mg/kg/day. Fibrinogen levels went back to normal (2.14g/L) after seventeen months of treatment, and the tumor shrinked significantly. Conclusion. This case report shows that a combination of prednisolone and propranolol has been effective for KMP and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Timely recognition and treatment of Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon’s are essenti

Decreased aortic compliance is a precursor to numerous cardiovascular diseases. Compliance is regulated by the rigidity of the aortic wall and the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) within it. Extracellular matrix stiffening, observed during ageing, reduces compliance and contributes to hypertension. In response to increased rigidity, VSMCs generate enhanced contractile forces that result in VSMC stiffening and a further reduction in compliance. Due to a lack of suitable in vitro models, the mechanisms driving VSMC response to matrix rigidity remain poorly defined. Human aortic-VSMCs were seeded onto polyacrylamide hydrogels whose rigidity mimicked either healthy or aged/diseased aortae. VSMC response to contractile agonist stimulation was measured through changes in cell area and volume. VSMCs were pre-treated with pharmacological agents prior to agonist stimulation to identify regulators of VSMC hypertrophy. VSMCs undergo a differential response to contractile agonist stimulation based on matrix rigidity. On pliable matrices, VSMCs contract, decreasing in cell area. Meanwhile, on rigid matrices VSMCs undergo a hypertrophic response, increasing in area and volume. Piezo1 mediated calcium influx drives VSMC hypertrophy by promoting microtubule destabilisation. Pharmacological stabilisation of microtubules or blocking calcium influx prevented VSMC hypertrophy on rigid matrices whilst maintaining contractility on pliable matrices. In response to extracellular matrix rigidity, VSMCs undergo a hypertrophic response driven by piezo1-mediated microtubule destabilisation. Pharmacological targeting of this response blocks matrix rigidity induced VSMC hypertrophy whilst VSMC contractility on healthy mimicking matrices is unimpeded. Through delineating this rigidity-induced mechanism, we identify novel targets whose pharmacological inhibition may prove beneficial against VSMC-driven cardiovascular disease.

A new method is developed for accurately approximating the solution to state-variable inequality path constrained optimal control problems using a multiple-domain adaptive Legendre-Gauss-Radau collocation method. The method consists of the following parts. First, a structure detection method is developed to estimate switch times in the activation and deactivation of state-variable inequality path constraints. Second, using the detected structure, the domain is partitioned into multiple-domains where each domain corresponds to either a constrained or an unconstrained segment. Furthermore, additional decision variables are introduced in the multiple-domain formulation, where these additional decision variables represent the switch times of the detected active state-variable inequality path constraints. Within a constrained domain, the path constraint is differentiated with respect to the independent variable until the control appears explicitly, and this derivative is set to zero along the constrained arc while all preceding derivatives are set to zero at the start of the constrained arc. The time derivatives of the active state-variable inequality path constraints are computed using automatic differentiation and the properties of the chain rule. The method is demonstrated on two problems, the first being a benchmark optimal control problem which has a known analytical solution and the second being a challenging problem from the field of aerospace engineering in which there is no known analytical solution. When compared against previously developed adaptive Legendre-Gauss-Radau methods, the results show that the method developed in this paper is capable of computing accurate solutions to problems whose solution contain active state-variable inequality path constraints.

Half of patients with heart failure are presented with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The pathophysiology of these patients is complex but increased left ventricular (LV) stiffness is proved to play a key role. However, the application of this parameter was limited since its measurements requires invasive catheterization. With advances in ultrasound technology, new advances have been achieved in the assessment of LV chamber or myocardial stiffness using noninvasive echocardiography. Therefore, this review was carried out to summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms, correlations with invasive LV stiffness constant, applications in different populations as well as the limitations of echocardiography-derived indices for assessment of both LV chamber and myocardial stiffness. LV chamber stiffness indices such as E/e’/LVEDV, E/SRe/LVEDV, and DPVQ were derived on the basis of the relationship between echocardiographic parameters of LVFP and LV size. However, all these methods are surrogate and lumped measurements, relying on E/e’ or E/SRe for evaluating LVFP. The limitations of E/e’ or E/SRe in assessment of LVFP may contribute to the moderate correlation between E/e’/LVEDV or E/SRe/LVEDV and LV stiffness constant. Even the best validated measurement (DPVQ) is considered unreliable in the individual patient. Compared to E/e’/LVEDV and E/SRe/LVEDV, I PVA/IA and F PVA/FA may display better performance in assessing LV chamber stiffness as evidenced by a higher correlation with LV stiffness constant. However, only one study has been conducted in the literature on the exploration and application of I PVA/I A and F PVA/F A, and its accuracy in assessing LV chamber stiffness remains to be confirmed. In terms of echocardiographic indices for LV myocardial stiffness evaluation, the parameters of EMI/DWS, iVP and SWI were proposed. Despite alteration of DWS and its predictive value of adverse outcomes in various populations have been widely validated, it was found that DWS may be better considered as an overall marker of cardiac function performance instead of pure myocardial stiffness. As for the iVP and SWI, the validities of these two indices in assessing LV myocardial stiffness have not been confirmed in invasive studies. More echocardiographic indices with higher sensitivities and specificities warrant to be further uncovered to evaluate LV stiffness.

Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. It is characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism, congenital heart disease, ectodermal abnormalities, developmental delay, and central nervous system disorders. We discuss the case of an 11-year-old boy with cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome presenting with ulerythema ophryogenes and phenotypic features similar to Noonan syndrome.

Objectives: Perinatal psychopathology can be damaging. This study examined the strength of the associations between risk factors and all perinatal mood and anxiety disorder symptoms while assessing the mediating effect of experiential avoidance. Method: Participants ( N =246) completed assessments during pregnancy (28-32 weeks) and the postpartum (6-8 weeks). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine associations between risk factors and latent factors: Distress (composed of depression, generalized anxiety, irritability, and panic symptoms); Fear (social anxiety, agoraphobia, specific phobia, and obsessive-compulsive); and Bipolar (mania and obsessive-compulsive). Results: During pregnancy, past psychiatric history, anxiety sensitivity, maladaptive coping, and age were significant risk factors. In the postpartum, negative maternal attitudes and past psychiatric history were only risk factors for symptoms that composed Distress. Experiential avoidance mediated the relation between maladaptive coping and symptoms that composed Fear. Conclusion: It is important to assess for psychological risk factors starting in pregnancy. This study identified critical risk factors that are associated with the underlying commonality among perinatal mood and anxiety symptoms. Some of the risk factors as well as the mediator are malleable (negative maternal attitudes, experiential avoidance), creating new possibilities for prevention and treatment of perinatal mood and anxiety disorder symptoms.

- Title : Childhood Granulomatous Periorificial Dermatitis; A case report and literature review- Author : So Young Jung M.D., Ph.D., So Hee Park M.D.- Corresponding author : So Hee Park M.D.- The Author’s institutianlaffiliation : Department of Dermatology, Heaundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea- Address : Department of Dermatology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University. 875, Haeundae-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea (postal code: 48108)- TEL : +82-51-797-2350- E-mail : [email protected] ORCID ID So Hee Park:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9600-799XSo Young Jung: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0155-5473- Keywords : Childhood granulomatous periorificial dermatitis, Metronidazole- Word count : 708 words- figure and table : 1 figure, 1 table- references : 12 references- Conflict of Interest : There is no conflict of interest