The Cambodian government is attempting to mobilise government, donor and private sector funding to implement a coordinated FMD vaccination program (FMDVP). A necessary first step is to convince the farmers of the benefits of participating in and potentially financially supporting this program. Information was collected from 300 farmers in order to estimate the on-farm benefits and costs of their participation in an FMDVP. Implementing a successful vaccination program is difficult, and farmers understand from previous experience that there may be institutional, social, technical and financial constraints which limit its success. A benefit-cost analysis needs to take into account that outbreaks do not occur every year, not all cattle will be successfully vaccinated, not all sick animals successfully treated and sometimes sick animals simply sold. This study sensitises these variables in order to give a realistic estimation of the farmer participation benefits in an FMDVP. A general result is that it is worthwhile for farmers to participate in the FMDVP if there are average annual outbreaks, or at least two major outbreaks, in the ensuing five years. However, the results are influenced by the interaction of vaccination success and treatment success and coverage. Ineffective coverage and poor treatment of sick animals reduce the benefits of an FMDVP. It is also important that farmers do not sell sick stock and, if they do, that they are able to breed replacements rather than purchase replacements. There are many factors in the smallholder cattle farming system that will influence the success of an FMDVP; farmers will only choose to participate if they can be convinced of the short and long-term economic benefits.

A 33-year-old primiparous woman presented with reduced fetal movements during the gestational age of 33 weeks. Ultrasonography showed a heterogeneous and hypoechoic placental lesion measuring 8 cm. A week later, the patient delivered a live healthy male neonate. Histological examination of the placental mass established the diagnosis of placental chorioangioma.

A 62-year-old otherwise healthy patient was admitted with severe headache for several weeks. Initial imaging studies revealed multiple cystic lesions in both hemispheres. Neuroparasitic infections were considered as primary differential diagnosis. Open biopsy of a right frontal cortical lesion was performed. Pathohistological revealed the diagnosis of cerebral metastasis of adenokarcinoma.

A document by Ian Sinha. Click on the document to view its contents.

The vibronic absorption spectrum of Toluidine blue O (TBO) dye in an aqueous solution was calculated using the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The calculations were performed using all hybrid functionals supported by Gaussian16 software and 6-31++G(d,p) basis set with IEFPCM and SMD solvent models. The IEFPCM gave underestimated values of λmax in comparison with the experiment, what is a manifestation of the TD-DFT “cyanine failure”. However, the SMD made it possible to obtain good agreement between calculated and experimental spectra. The best fit was achieved using the X3LYP functional. The dipole moments and atomic charges of the ground and excited states of the TBO molecule were calculated. Photoexcitation leads to an increase in the dipole moment of the dye molecule. An insignificant photoinduced electron transfer was found in the central ring of the chromophore of the TBO molecule. Vibronic transitions play a significant role in the absorption spectrum of the dye.

Objective: Muscular dystrophies refers to a group of primary inherited myopathies that exhibit a chronic and unremitting progressive course. Quality of life is a concept, which mainly reflects individual responses given by a person to the physical, psychological, social and environmental impacts of the disease. In this study we aimed to evaluate quality of life and sociodemographic features of 146 patients who presented to the physical therapy and rehabilitation neuromuscular diseases outpatient clinic of our hospital. Methods: Patients’ sociodemographic data including gender, marital status and educational level were recorded and analyzed. WHOQOL-BREF survey was performed in order to determine quality of life in patients with muscular dystrophy. The scores obtained from the survey were transformed into WHOQOL 4-20 and WHOQOL 0-100 score ranges, and relationships between the sociodemographic data of the patients and WHOQOL-BRIEF survey results were evaluated. Results: Eighty-five (58.2%) patients were male and 61 (41.8%) were female. No statistically significant difference was found between the male and female MD patients in terms of the physical, psychological, social relationships and environmental domains of WHOQOL-BREF scale (for all p>0.05). No significant difference was found between single, married, divorced and widowed patients (for all p>0.05). There were significant differences between educational levels of the patients in terms of the mean WHOQOL-BREF scores (p<0.05). The mean scores increased as educational levels increased. Conclusion: Quality of life increases with the levels of education and does not differ according to gender and marital status in patients with muscular dystrophy. Patients with muscular dystrophy should be encouraged for education from the pediatric period.

COI-based DNA barcoding could be an efficient tool for species identification of deep-sea fishes and could lead to the discovery of cryptic species diversity. However, the availability of reference sequences of deep-sea fishes for DNA barcoding is limited, especially for fishes in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. In this study, we performed DNA barcoding of mesopelagic and demersal fish species on the continental shelf and upper slope, collected from deepwater fisheries around Japan and southern Taiwan, to accumulate the reference sequences of deep-sea fishes in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Overall, we obtained the COI sequences of 123 species from 50 families. Genetic diversity within each species for which COI sequences were obtained from multiple specimens was examined, and we found that Chimaera phantasma (Chimaeridae), Harpadon microchir (Synodontidae), and Pyramodon ventralis (Carapidae) showed high intraspecific genetic differentiation of more than 2% Kimura two-parameter distance. Moreover, for 19 widespread deep-sea fishes, a comparison between our data and previously acquired COI sequence data suggested a high level (more than 2% Kimura two-parameter distance) of genetic differentiation between the northwestern Pacific Ocean and other oceans in each widespread species. These results suggest that many cryptic species or regional populations have not yet been discovered in deep-sea fishes. Alternatively, genetic differentiation was not found worldwide for six species. These results indicate that many taxonomic and biogeographical issues remain for deep-sea fishes, and our DNA barcoding data would provide better understanding of these issues.

Aim: Wildlife and their interaction human or human-wildlife conflict, though reported throughout human prehistory, its severity and complexity have increased in recent years. The Hindu Kush Himalaya region, rich and biodiversity and known as roof of the world have gained recognition for many conservation success but also with increasing trends of human-wildlife conflict. But, they are sparsely documented and the severity of its impacts are not known for the region. Hence, we present a systematic review on human-wildlife conflict from the roof of the world. Methods: We followed the systematic literature review (SLR) approach of qualitative content analysis, using Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, and Analysis (SALSA) framework and also used VOSViewer for spatial and network analysis.. Results: Our results based on 240 peer-reviewed articles till 2019 showed 57% increase of publications in the last decades but with disproportionate geographical and thematic focus. About 82% of the research reported cases are from protected area with large carnivores and mega-herbivores as major causes of the conflict. About 53% of the studies were questionnaire-based household and the results highlight habitat disturbance through land cover change, urbanization, and human population increase as major drivers of human-wildlife conflict. Traditional management techniques like guarding and fencing along with improvement in plans and policies have been reported. Our analysis of 681 keywords revealed prominent focus on ‘human-wildlife conflict’, ‘Nepal’, ‘Bhutan’, ‘Snow Leopard’ and ‘Leopard’ indicating the issue are linked with these species and countries. The involvement of 640 authors from 36 countries indicates increasing interest and Nepal and India are playing key role from the region. Main conclusions: There is spatial variation in research with limited regional and transboundary focus. Attention is needed on understanding the pattern of interactions including meso animals along with improved management interventions through integrated and transboundary cooperation for tackling the issue.

The production of vaccines in plant cells, termed as plant-made pharmaceuticals or molecular farming, is a promising technology. Compared to mammalian cell lines, like HEK293 and CHO as established platform, plants can be grown cost effectively on a large-scale without necessitating any sophisticated technologies. An innovative application of this alternative system is the production of vaccines in edible tissues that can be consumed orally to deliver protein antigen without any further processing. In this project we reported stable expression of TM-1 protein of MG as vaccine candidate antigen against Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) in wheat seeds tissues. The molecular and Immunoblotting analysis confirmed the integration of recombinant protein of 41.8 kDa with expression level of 1.03mg/g DW in endosperm tissues. When orally delivered, the plant made vaccine were highly effective in terms of developing antibodies in chicken without any detectable weight loss. Two doses of orally delivered plant-made TM-1 vaccine candidate elicited an immune response and protective effect against MG virus challenge at the level comparable to commercially available inactivated vaccine against CRD. Our study demonstrated that plant-made vaccines are not only safe but also similarly effective to commercially available vaccines.

The following is a case report of an infant born with cri du chat syndrome that has evidence of left ventricular non compaction . Cri du chat syndrome is a rare association of growth retardation, intellectual severe disability, hypertelorism and typical catlike cry, typically combined to congenital heart defect, the occurrence of myocardial non compaction among the associated cardiac anomalies has not been reported so far.

Background: Although FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells constitute a highly heterogeneous population, with different regulatory potential depending on the context, distinct subsets or phenotypes remain poorly defined. This hampers the development of immunotherapy for allergic and autoimmune disorders. This study aimed at characterizing distinct FoxP3+ Treg subpopulations involved in the suppression of Th2-mediated allergic inflammation in the lung. Methods: We used an established mouse model of allergic airway disease based on ovalbumin sensitization and challenge to analyze FoxP3+ Tregs during the induction and resolution of inflammation, and identify markers that distinguish their most suppressive phenotypes. We also developed a new knock-in mouse model (Foxp3creCd103dtr) enabling the specific ablation of CD103+FoxP3+ Tregs for functional studies. Results: We found that during resolution of allergic airway inflammation in mice >50% of FoxP3+ Treg cells expressed the integrin CD103 which marks FoxP3+ Treg cells of high IL-10 production, increased expression of immunoregulatory molecules such as KLRG1, ICOS and CD127, and enhanced suppressive capacity for Th2-mediated inflammatory responses. CD103+FoxP3+ Tregs were essential for keeping allergic inflammation under control as their specific depletion in Foxp3creCd103dtr mice lead to severe alveocapillary damage and eosinophilic pneumonia, markedly reducing the lifespan of the experimental animals. Conversely, adoptive transfer of CD103+FoxP3+ Tregs effectively treated disease, attenuating Th2 responses and allergic inflammation in an IL-10-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our study identifies a novel regulatory T cell population, defined by CD103 expression, programmed to prevent exuberant type 2 inflammation and keep homeostasis in the respiratory tract under control. This has important therapeutic implications.

The presence of pigmented and partially pigmented skin lesions of non-univocal interpretation should always trigger a cautious approach. Albeit the diagnosis of malignant melanoma should remain our main concern, other more common skin conditions, namely basal cells carcinoma, should be taken into consideration in the diagnostic process and management plan. The following case highlights how, sometimes, the diagnosis of partially pigmented basal cells carcinoma may not appear to be immediately evident and the opportunity to deal with non-surgical approach missed. Case report 50-year-old man of Caucasian origin, phototype III in Fitzpatrick scale, initially presenting with a 6-month history of pigmented, inflamed, flat skin lesion at the base of the neck. The lesion had been noticed in the summer months due to the itching and occasional burning it caused (figure 1). Physical examination revealed a 7 mm x 8 mm superficial skin lesion, partially pigmented, not well defined, slightly hyperkeratotic, against a background with several lentigo and nevi. No particular concerns were raised by dermoscopy, or dermatoscopy, and the patient was reassured, even though a small white clod was noted.

Here we present a case of maxillofacial deformity with congenital missing teeth and insufficient implant space. The patient was treated with a multidisciplinary sequence of orthodontics, orthognathic surgery and implant surgery, and has completed implant repair.

Jejunal mucormycosis in a patient with refractory AMLSamuel De l’Etoile-Morel, MD. McGill University Health Centre. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases. 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1 Room E05.1811.2.Vladimir Sapon-Cousineau, MD. Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology. 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1 Room D02.7731.Dan L. Deckelbaum, MD. McGill University Health Centre. Department of Surgery, Divisions of Trauma and General Surgery. 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4. L9 425.Michael Sebag, MD McGill University Health Centre. Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology. 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1 Room D02.7515.Zu-hua Gao, MD McGill University Health Centre. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology. 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1 Room E04.1820.Vivian G. Loo, MD McGill University Health Centre. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases. 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1 Room E05.1824.Corresponding author : Samuel De l’Etoile-Morel, MD. McGill University Health Centre. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases. 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1 Room E05.1811.2. Telephone 514-934-1934 extension 53333 [email protected] 47-year-old man received chemotherapy for the treatment of refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Two weeks after re-induction, he developed fever, neutropenia, nausea and severe vomiting with abdominal pain. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a small bowel obstruction with ischemic changes of the jejunum concerning for mesenteric ischemia (panel A). An urgent open laparotomy was performed revealing two areas of jejunal necrosis (panel B) and the patient underwent a partial small bowel resection with primary anastomosis.Histopathological examination of the jejunum with Grocott staining demonstrated ischemic necrosis associated with angioinvasive zygomycosis (panel C). Rhizopus oryzae was identified as the causative pathogen using polymerase chain reaction followed by DNA sequence analysis on the pathology specimen.The patient was treated intravenously with liposomal amphotericin and subsequently transitioned to oral isavuconazole. He was subsequently discharged from the hospital and died approximately 1 year later of progressive AML.Gastrointestinal mucormycosis remains a rare infection among immunocompromised hosts and a high index of suspicion is imperative (1). Its presentation can mimic ischemic colitis often resulting in a diagnosis made by pathology and not by conventional culture. Successful management includes early surgical resection and initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy.1. Spellberg B. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis: an evolving disease. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2012;8(2):140-2.

The occurrence of Noonan with refractory chylothorax with RIT1 gene mutation is very rare. The right lymphatic vessel and thoracic duct were compressed by the surrounding tissue, resulting in obstruction. After releasing the surrounding tissue, the chylothorax disappeared.

Brucellosis is an endemic disease in many developing countries and ranked by the World Health Organization among the top seven “neglected zoonoses”. Although a Palestinian brucellosis control program was launched in 1998, the disease reemerged after 2012. Interestingly, a similar reemerging pattern was reported in the neighboring Israeli regions. The aim of this work was to characterize the reemerging strains and delineate their genetic relatedness. During 2015-2017, blood samples from 1324 suspected patients were analyzed using two serological tests. Seropositive samples were cultured, and their DNAs were analyzed by different genetic markers to determine the involved Brucella species and rule out any possible involvement of the Rev.1 vaccine strain. The rpoB gene was sequenced from 9 isolates to screen for rifampicin-resistance mutations. Multi Locus VNTR Analysis (MLVA-16) was used for genotyping the isolates. The molecular analysis showed that all isolates were B. melitensis strains unrelated to the Rev.1 vaccine. The rpoB gene sequences showed four single nucleotide variations (SNVs) not associated with rifampicin resistance. MLVA-16 analysis clustered the isolates into 22 unique genotypes that belong to the East Mediterranean lineage. Altogether, our findings show that the reemergence of brucellosis was due to B. melitensis strains of local origin, the Palestinian and Israeli control programs’ weaknesses could be a major factor behind the reemergence of the disease. However, other socioeconomic and environmental factors must be investigated. Moreover, strengthening brucellosis control programs and enhancing cooperation between all stakeholders is essential to ensure long-term program outcomes to fight brucellosis.

This paper investigates the problem of $H_\infty$ state estimation of delayed recurrent memristive neural networks (DRMNNs) with both continuous-time and discrete-time cases. By utilizing Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), two criterions are provided to guarantee the asymptotically stable of the estimation error systems with a $H_\infty$ performance. The connection weight parameters of DRMNNs are dealed with logical switching signals, which greatly reduces the computational complexity. The given conditions can be easily checked by solving LMIs, the obtained theoretical results are supported demonstrated by two numerical examples.

Gastrointestinal duplications are congenital anomalies that may occur different part of the gastrointestinal tract, they are characterized by two forms, the cystic and the tubular one. Usually seen in ileum, esophagus, duodenum and stomach. Colon localization is very rare.