Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC) model, a mathematical construct that simulates biogeochemical processes including carbon and nitrogen dynamics, plant growth, and microbial activity across various ecosystems. The discourse includes an examination of the model’s developmental trajectory, with attention given to adaptations created for diverse ecosystems, regions, specific crops, and modular configurations. We additionally delve into the validation processes of the DNDC model and its broader applications across different fields. Despite the model’s extensive usage in previous studies, there has been a lack of critical, comprehensive evaluation of its merits and demerits. This paper aim to address this gap, providing a thorough critique and review of the DNDC model. In our discussion, we present a balanced overview of the DNDC model’s current strengths and weaknesses, and offer insights into its potential future developments. The ultimate goal of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we aim to provide guidance to researchers and practitioners who are either currently employing or considering the use of the DNDC model. Secondly, our critique and analysis is intended to be a constructive contribution towards the model’s future refinement and development.