Abstract
NASA’s Investigations of Convective Updrafts (INCUS) mission aims to
document convective updraft mass flux through changes in the radar
reflectivity (ΔZ) in convective cores captured by a constellation of
three Ka-band radars sampling the same convective cells over intervals
of 30, 90 and 120 s. Here, high spatiotemporal resolution observations
of convective cores from surface-based radars that use agile sampling
techniques are used to evaluate aspects of the INCUS measurement
approach using real observations. Analysis of several convective cells
confirms that large coherent ΔZ structure with measurable signal
(> 5 dB) can occur in less than 30 s and are correlated
with underlying convective motions. The analysis indicates that the
INCUS mission radar footprint and along track sampling are adequate to
capture most of the desirable ΔZ signals. This unique demonstration of
reflectivity time-lapse provides the framework for estimating convective
mass flux independent from Doppler techniques with future radar
observations.