Abstract
Oceanography has entered an era of new observing platforms, such as
biogeochemical Argo floats and gliders, some of which will provide
three-dimensional maps of essential ecosystem variables on the
North-West European (NWE) Shelf. In a foreseeable future operational
centres will use multi-platform assimilation to integrate those valuable
data into ecosystem reanalyses and forecast systems. Here we address
some important questions related to glider biogeochemical data
assimilation and introduce multi-platform data assimilation in a
(pre)operational model of the NWE Shelf-sea ecosystem. We test the
impact of the different multi-platform system components (glider vs
satellite, physical vs biogeochemical) on the simulated biogeochemical
variables. To characterize the model performance we focus on the period
around the phytoplankton spring bloom, since the bloom is a major
ecosystem driver on the NWE Shelf. We found that the timing and
magnitude of the phytoplankton bloom is insensitive to the physical data
assimilation, which is explained in the study. To correct the simulated
phytoplankton bloom one needs to assimilate chlorophyll observations
from glider or satellite Ocean Color (OC) into the model. Although
outperformed by the glider chlorophyll assimilation, we show that OC
assimilation has mostly desirable impact on the sub-surface chlorophyll.
Since the OC assimilation updates chlorophyll only in the mixed layer,
the impact on the sub-surface chlorophyll is the result of the model
dynamical response to the assimilation. We demonstrate that the
multi-platform assimilation combines the advantages of its components
and always performs comparably to its best performing component.