Stratospheric Gravity Waves as a Proxy for Hurricane Intensification: a
Case Study of Mesoscale Simulations for Hurricane Joaquin
Abstract
We conduct a mesoscale simulation with a 4-km resolution for Hurricane
Joaquin in 2015 using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. The
model data are used to study stratospheric gravity waves (GWs) generated
by the hurricane and how they correlate with hurricane intensity. The
simulation results show spiral GWs propagating upward and anticlockwise
away from the hurricane center. GWs with vertical wavelengths up to 14
km are generated. We find that GW activity is more frequent during
hurricane intensification than during weakening, particularly for the
most intense GW activity. There is a significant time offset between the
appearance of intense stratospheric GWs and hurricane intensification.
Therefore, the emergence of intensive stratospheric GW activity may be
considered a useful proxy for identifying hurricane intensification.