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Removing numerical pathologies in a turbulence parameterization through convergence testing
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  • Shixuan Zhang,
  • Christopher James Vogl,
  • Vincent E Larson,
  • Quan M. Bui,
  • Hui Wan,
  • Philip J. Rasch,
  • Carol S. Woodward
Shixuan Zhang
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Christopher James Vogl
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
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Vincent E Larson
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
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Quan M. Bui
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
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Hui Wan
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (DOE)
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Philip J. Rasch
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (DOE)
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Carol S. Woodward
Center for Applied Scientific Computing
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Abstract

Discretized numerical models of the atmosphere are usually intended to faithfully represent an underlying set of continuous equations, but this necessary condition is violated sometimes by subtle pathologies that have crept into the discretized equations. Such pathologies can introduce undesirable artifacts, such as sawtooth noise, into the model solutions. The presence of these pathologies can be detected by numerical convergence testing. This study employs convergence testing to verify the discretization of the Cloud Layers Unified By Binormals (CLUBB) model of clouds and turbulence. That convergence testing identifies two aspects of CLUBB’s equation set that contribute to undesirable noise in the solutions. First, numerical limiters (i.e. clipping) used by CLUBB introduce discontinuities or slope discontinuities in model fields. Second, this noise can be amplified by an advective term in CLUBB’s background diffusion. Smoothing the limiters and removing the advective component of the background diffusion reduces the noise and restores the expected first-order convergence in CLUBB’s solutions. These model reformulations improve the results at coarser, near-operational grid spacing and time step in cumulus cloud and dry turbulence tests. In addition, convergence testing is proved to be a valuable tool for detecting pathologies, including unintended discontinuities and grid dependence, in the model equation set.