A nonlinear numerical model for comparative study of gravity wave
propagation in planetary atmospheres
Abstract
A two-dimensional nonlinear numerical model has been developed to study
atmospheric coupling due to vertically propagating Gravity Waves (GWs)
on different planets. The model is able to simulate both acoustic and
gravity waves due to inclusion of compressibility. The model also
considers dissipative effects due to viscosity, conduction and radiative
damping. The hyperbolic inviscid advection equations are solved using
the Lax-Wendroff method. The parabolic diffusion terms are solved
implicitly using a linear algebra-based Direct method. The model is
validated by comparing numerical solutions against analytical results
for linear propagation, critical level absorption and breaking. A case
study of tsunami-generated GWs is presented for the 2004 Sumatra
earthquake whereby the model is forced through tsunamigenic sea-surface
displacement. The properties of simulated GWs closely match those
derived from ionospheric sounding observations reported in literature.
Another application for Martian ice cloud formation is discussed where
GWs from topographic sources are shown to create cold pockets with
temperatures below the CO2 condensation threshold. The simulated cold
pockets coincide with the cloud echo observations from the Mars Orbiting
Laser Altimeter (MOLA) aboard Mars Global Survey (MGS) spacecraft.