How does the Pinatubo eruption influence our understanding of long-term
changes in ocean biogeochemistry?
Abstract
Pinatubo erupted during the first decadal survey of ocean
biogeochemistry, embedding its climate fingerprint into foundational
ocean biogeochemical observations and complicating the interpretation of
long-term biogeochemical change. Here, we quantify the influence of the
Pinatubo climate perturbation on externally forced decadal and
multi-decadal changes in key ocean biogeochemical quantities using a
large ensemble simulation of the Community Earth System Model designed
to isolate the effects of Pinatubo, which cleanly captures the ocean
biogeochemical response to the eruption. We find increased uptake of
apparent oxygen utilization and preindustrial carbon over 1993-2003.
Nearly 100\% of the forced response in these quantities
are attributable to Pinatubo. The eruption caused enhanced ventilation
of the North Atlantic, as evidenced by deep ocean chlorofluorocarbon
changes that appear 10-15 years after the eruption. Our results help
contextualize observed change and contribute to improved constraints on
uncertainty in the global carbon budget and ocean deoxygenation.