Turbidity hysteresis in an estuary and tidal river following an extreme
discharge event
Abstract
Non-linear turbidity-discharge relationships are explored in the context
of sediment sourcing and event-driven hysteresis using long-term (≥12
year) turbidity observations from the tidal freshwater and saline
estuary of the Hudson River. At four locations spanning 175 km,
turbidity generally increased with discharge but did not follow a
constant log-log dependence, in part due to event-driven adjustments in
sediment availability. Following major sediment inputs from extreme
precipitation and discharge events in 2011, turbidity in the tidal river
increased by 20-50% for a given discharge. The coherent shifts in the
turbidity-discharge relationship along the tidal river over the
subsequent 2 years suggest that the 2011 events increased sediment
availability for resuspension. In the saline estuary, changes in the
sediment-discharge relationship were less apparent after the high
discharge events, indicating that greater background turbidity due to
internal sources make event-driven inputs less important in the saline
estuary at interannual time scales.