Tracking dynamic changes of leaves in response to nutrient availability
using an open-source cloud-based phenotyping system (OPEN Leaf)
Abstract
(250 words) Micronutrients, such as iron, zinc, and sulfur, play a vital
role in both plant and human development. Understanding how plants sense
and allocate nutrients within their tissues may offer different venues
to develop plants with high nutritional value. Despite decades of
intensive research, more than 40% of genes in Arabidopsis remain
uncharacterized or have no assigned function. While several resources
such as mutant populations or diversity panels offer the possibility to
identify genes critical for plant nutrition, the ability to consistently
track and assess plant growth in an automated, unbiased way is still a
major limitation. High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) is the new standard
in plant biology but few HTP systems are open source and user friendly.
Therefore, we developed OPEN Leaf, an open source HTP for hydroponic
experiments. OPEN Leaf is capable of tracking changes in both size and
color of the whole plant and specific regions of the rosette. We have
also integrated communication platforms (Slack) and cloud services
(CyVerse) to facilitate user communication, collaboration, data storage,
and analysis in real time. As a proof-of-concept, we report the ability
of OPEN Leaf to track changes in size and color when plants are growing
hydroponically with different levels of nutrients. We expect that the
availability of open source HTP platforms, together with standardized
experimental conditions agreed by the scientific community, will advance
the identification of genes and networks mediating nutrient uptake and
allocation in plants.