Objective: Thyroid Autoantibodies (TgAbs) are associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders and are also used in thyroid cancer follow-up to monitor for recurrence of disease. This study aimed to explore the potential utility of TgAbs as a surrogated tumor marker and examine the relationship between fluctuations in TgAbs levels and disease recurrence in patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC). Method: This cohort study was conducted on a sample of 97 patients who underwent thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) between the years 2017 and 2021. Following surgery (with or without lymph node dissection), levothyroxine therapy and 131 iodine were prescribed (as necessary). Regular laboratory evaluations were conducted, which involved measuring Tg and TgAb at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Patients were classified based on recurrence rate and different levels of TgAb and ROC analysis was applied. All data were analyzed with SPSS24, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: For low-risk patients, TgAb trends over time showed an increase at 6 months, while for high-risk patients, TgAb levels continuously rose starting from 3 months. Although TgAb levels above the functional sensitivity threshold did not predict recurrence overall, changes in TgAb levels at 6 months compared to 3 months after surgery were indicative of recurrence. Conclusion: In the entire population, having TgAb levels higher than the functional sensitivity threshold had not risk of various relapses. However, changes in TgAb serum levels at 6 months after surgery, compared to 3 months after surgery, can serve as an indication of tumor recurrence.

Background: Right Ventricular (RV) failure has a critical role in the onset and progression of clinical symptoms and the prognosis of patients with Mitral Stenosis (MS), but the exact role, effect, and pathophysiology of RV dysfunction in MS is still controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate echocardiographic signs of systolic RV dysfunction using Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) and Velocity Vector Imaging (VVI) in subjects with severe and very severe MS. Methods: 46 isolated MS cases (23 severe and 23 very severe) and 23 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. RV function was assessed by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), and peak systolic velocity of the tricuspid annulus (S’) using TDI, and RV free wall strain (RVFWS) employing VVI. Furthermore, these values were compared with mitral valve area (MVA) and pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). Results: TAPSE, FAC, S’, and RVFWS values were substantially declined in MS cases compared with healthy controls. Moreover, PAP values were considerably increased in MS subjects. Additionally, S’ and TAPSE values were significantly lower in very severe MS patients compared with severe patients. Conclusion: RV systolic function deteriorates in patients with severe and very severe MS. It appears that the degree of the severity of MS can proportionately affect the extent of RV dysfunction and some of its echocardiographic markers such as S’ and TAPSE. TDI and VVI can be used as practical early diagnostic methods for RV dysfunction in MS.