Signature of the Contemporary Southwestern North American Megadrought in
Mesopause Region Wave Activity
Abstract
The Southwestern North American (SWNA) megadrought began in 2000 and is
now believed to be the driest 22-year period in the region since at
least 800 CE. The precipitation deficit during the megadrought (8.3%
during 2000-2021) has been accompanied by a significant decrease in
gravity waves observed in the upper atmosphere. Prior to the drought
(1990-2000), wave-driven temperature fluctuation variances, between 85
and 100 km at Albuquerque and Ft. Collins, were comparable (62.2
K2 and 60.5 K2, respectively), with
the largest variances occurring during winter and summer storm seasons.
During the first decade of the drought (2001-2010), wave activity above
Ft. Collins decreased by 28%, mostly above 94 km, and changed from
primarily semiannual to primarily annual variations. These changes may
be related to reduced wave generation by tropospheric storms during the
megadrought and to an altered geographic distribution of precipitation
events in the western and mid-western United States.