Application of Deep Learning to Estimate Atmospheric Gravity Wave
Parameters in Reanalysis Datasets
Abstract
Gravity waves play an essential role in driving and maintaining global
circulation. To understand their contribution in the atmosphere, the
accurate reproduction of their distribution is important. Thus, a deep
learning approach for the estimation of gravity wave momentum fluxes was
proposed, and its performance at 100 hPa was tested using data from low
resolution zonal and meridional winds, temperature, and specific
humidity at 300, 700, and 850 hPa in the Hokkaido region (Japan). To
this end, a deep convolutional neural network was trained on 29-year
reanalysis datasets (JRA-55 and DSJRA-55), and the final 5-year data
were reserved for evaluation. The results showed that compared to ground
truth data, the fine-scale momentum flux distribution of the gravity
waves could be estimated at a low computational cost. Particularly, in
winter, when gravity waves are stronger, the median RMSE of the maximum
momentum flux in the target area was 0.06–0.13 mPa.