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Geodiversity is an inseparable but underutilized part of connectivity in nature conservation amid climate change
  • Aino-Maija Määttänen,
  • Maria Hällfors,
  • Julia Kemppinen
Aino-Maija Määttänen
University of Oulu

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Maria Hällfors
Finnish Environment Institute
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Julia Kemppinen
University of Helsinki
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Abstract

Nature conservation has shifted towards a climate change adaptation approach, in which expected species range shifts are increasingly considered. Facilitating species movements requires improving ecological connectivity across landscapes, and for these assessments, new and powerful approaches are emerging. One such approach is the use of geodiversity information as a proxy for biodiverse, resilient, and dispersal-enhancing areas. Although data on abiotic nature are routinely used in many connectivity assessments, geodiversity is not necessarily recognized by researcher due to non-explicit application of variables combined with vague definitions of terms. Here, we present a systematic literature review examining the role of geodiversity in ecological connectivity. We used the PRISMA method to review 89 research articles on the topic. Of these, 34% explicitly modeled connectivity and included geodiversity variables, while the remaining studies discussed or explored the potential effects of geodiversity on species movement and broader biodiversity patterns, without directly modeling connectivity. Our findings highlight the value of integrating geodiversity and the Conserving Nature’s Stage approach in both research and the management of connectivity and climate resilience. We identified that the key challenges hindering the widespread use of geodiversity information in biodiversity conservation stem from the limited adoption of the term outside geosciences and the lack of established quantitative metrics to explore the geodiversity-biodiversity relationship. Addressing these gaps could greatly enhance ecological connectivity assessments, thereby improving conservation outcomes. After all, geodiversity is the abiotic counterpart to biodiversity, and together these two components form the dynamics of nature that we aim to conserve.