Modelling the black and brown carbon absorption and their radiative
impact: the June 2023 intense Canadian boreal wildfires case study
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) are light-absorbing aerosols
with significant climate impacts, but their absorption properties and
direct radiative effect (DRE) remain uncertain. We simulated BC and BrC
absorption during the intense Canadian boreal wildfires in June 2023
using an enhanced version of CHIMERE model. The study focused on a
domain extending from North America to Eastern Europe, including a
significant portion of the Arctic up to 85°N.
The enhanced model includes an updated treatment for the BC absorption
enhancement and a BrC ageing scheme accounting for both browning and
blanching through oxidation. When compared to observations, the updated
model accurately captured aerosol optical depth (AOD) at multiple
wavelengths, both near the wildfires and during transoceanic transport
to Europe. Improvements were observed in the simulation of absorbing
aerosol optical depth (AAOD) compared to the control model.
The all-sky regional direct radiative effect (DRE) for June 2023
attributed to the intense Canadian wildfires, was reduced from -2.1 W/m²
in the control model to -1.9 W/m² (-2.0/-1.8 W/m², ±5%), in the
enhanced model, indicating an additional warming effect of +0.2 W/m²
(about +10%) due to advanced schemes used for the BC and BrC
absorption.
The results indicate the importance of an accurate simulation of aerosol
absorption in regional climate predictions, especially during
large-scale biomass burning events. They also suggest that traditional
models could overestimate the cooling effect of boreal wildfires,
highlighting the need for improvement of aerosol parameterization to
better predict the DRE and develop effective mitigation strategies.