Abstract
In this letter, a beam downtilt reconfigurable linear antenna array is
presented for the demand of the electrical downtilt of 5G/6G macro base
station antennas. The antenna is capable of fine-angle beam direction
reconfiguration, allowing for improved adaptability in various
environmental conditions. A hierarchical network design is employed,
which incorporates essential elements such as phase shifter modules,
power dividers, and couplers. These fundamental components are used to
construct a five-element reconfigurable feeding network for the antenna
array. The designed network ensures stable phase shifts and excellent
impedance matching performance. By integrating the feeding network with
the antenna elements, the system achieves electronic beam tilt
adjustment across four states, enabling the linear array to tilt
downward within a range of 6 - 12° around 3.5 GHz. This design provides
enhanced beam control, making it suitable for next-generation macro base
station applications in 5G and 6G networks.