Autonomous Demand Response Decision-Making Optimization under
Communication Delay and Reliability Uncertainty
Abstract
In the modern power system, the intermittency of distributed renewable
energy and user-side load fluctuations challenge grid stability. Using
IoT data, the distribution regulation center directs user resources to
engage in demand response through the network. However, deep coupling
between the power and communication networks leads to issues like
communication delays and packet loss, increasing regulation costs and
affecting robustness. To address these issues, this paper proposes a
demand response autonomous decision-making method considering regulation
command communication delay and reliability. Initially, we develop a
cloud-edge-end collaborative framework for autonomous demand response,
considering the coupling of power and communication networks. We then
define an optimization problem to minimize the weighted sum of
regulation costs and grid losses, considering user-side resource outputs
and grid constraints. Utilizing Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT),
we address uncertainties in renewable outputs like wind and PV, forming
a robust optimization model. We introduce a deep actor-critic
(DAC)-based method that incorporates communication delay and packet loss
impacts, building a multi-objective Markov decision process (MDP) to
optimize and adjust power outputs. This dual cooperative DAC algorithm
iteratively refines decisions, enhancing algorithm convergence.
Simulation results confirm the method significantly reduces regulation
costs and grid losses, improving economic efficiency and robustness.