Path Loss Prediction for Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communications via
Synesthesia of Machines (SoM)
Abstract
In this paper, a new path loss prediction model based on multi-modal
sensory data is proposed to enhance the accuracy of path loss prediction
in vehicular communication scenarios. Meanwhile, a new dataset under
vehicular urban crossroads for intelligent multi-modal
sensing-communication integration is constructed. Meanwhile, the mapping
relationship between physical space and electromagnetic space is
explored. Furthermore, path loss prediction is achieved with
environmental information via multi-modal sensory data. Simulation
results show that the proposed path loss prediction model is validated
by the ground truth, which achieves a mean squared error (MSE) of
1.9283*10^{-6}. The proposed model improves the accuracy by 2
orders of magnitude over 3GPP TR 38.901 channel models. Compared to the
artificial neural network (ANN), support vector regression (SVR), random
forest (RF), and gradient tree boosting (GTB), the proposed model
achieves the highest accuracy. Finally, the effectiveness of multi-modal
sensory data fusion in path loss prediction for vehicular communication
scenarios is validated, which shows a 19.8\% improvement
in accuracy compared to predictions based on uni-modal data.