Abstract
Satellite radar altimeters like CryoSat-2 estimate sea ice thickness by
measuring the return-time of transmitted radar pulses, reflected from
the sea ice and ocean surface, to measure the radar freeboard.
Converting freeboard to thickness requires an assumption regarding the
fractional depth of the snowpack from which the radar waves backscatter
(alpha). We derive sea ice thickness from CryoSat-2 radar freeboard data
with incremental values for alpha, for the 2010-2021 winter periods. By
comparing these to sea ice thickness estimates derived from
upward-looking sonar moorings, we find that alpha values between 35-70%
result in the best representation of interannual variability observed
over first-year ice, reduced to <40% over multi-year ice. The
underestimating bias in retrievals caused by optimising this metric can
be removed by reducing the waveform retracking threshold to 20-50%. Our
results pave the way for a new generation of ‘partial penetration’ sea
ice thickness products from radar altimeters.