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GC-MS determination of nicotine and cotinine in urine. A study of the effect of passive smoking
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  • A. Krokos,
  • A. Orfanidis,
  • Orthodoxia Mastrogianni,
  • F. Mitsa,
  • M. Avgeri,
  • M. Eboriadou,
  • Georgios Theodoridis,
  • Nikolaos Raikos
A. Krokos
Aristoteleio Panepistemio Thessalonikes Tmema Chemeias
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A. Orfanidis
Panepistemio Ioanninon Tmema Iatrikes

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Orthodoxia Mastrogianni
Laboratory of Forensic Service of Ministry of Justice
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F. Mitsa
Aristoteleio Panepistemio Thessalonikes Tmema Iatrikes
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M. Avgeri
Geniko Nosokomeio Thessalonikis Papageorgiou
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M. Eboriadou
Geniko Nosokomeio Thessalonikis Papageorgiou
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Georgios Theodoridis
Aristoteleio Panepistemio Thessalonikes Tmema Chemeias
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Nikolaos Raikos
Aristoteleio Panepistemio Thessalonikes Tmema Iatrikes
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Abstract

Recent data suggest that passive smoking has a risk comparable to active smoking. Passive smoking is considered dangerous in children and is suspected as a cause of asthma. However, some reports are opposing such claims, indicating the need for solid results and large-scale studies. This scientific work aims to develop a method for the determination of nicotine (NCOT) and major nicotine’s metabolite cotinine (COT) in urine samples, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For sample preparation, liquid-liquid extraction was applied after an optimization study with different extraction media. Eventually, 1 mL of dichloromethane was selected for the extraction of 0.5 mL of urine. Suitable chromatographic conditions were found for the rapid and accurate determination of NCOT and COT. The method was validated to meet the criteria for application in a bioanalytical laboratory. Injection of 2 μL was done in GC/MS, and SIM (selected ion monitoring) analysis was performed with the following ions (m/z): 162 (quantifier ion) and 84, 133, 161 qualifier ions for NCOT, and 176 (quantifier ion) and 98, 118, 119, 147 qualifier ions for COT. Nicotine-D4 (NCOT-D4) and cotinine-D3 (COT-D3) and were used as internal standards with quantifier ions 101 and 166, respectively. The retention time (Rt) for NCOT was 7.557 min and for COT 9.743 min. The duration of the GC-MS analysis was 20 minutes. The method showed a linear dynamic range from 0.5 to 50 ng/mL. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of sixty clinical pediatric samples obtained from Aristotle University’s pediatric clinic to check for possible exposure to smoke.
18 Apr 2024Submitted to Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
18 Apr 2024Submission Checks Completed
18 Apr 2024Assigned to Editor
18 Apr 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
18 Apr 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
26 May 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
14 Jun 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
14 Jun 2024Editorial Decision: Accept