A Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Model for Transmission Expansion
Planning with renewable-based Microgrid Penetration
Abstract
This article introduces a Wasserstein distance-based distributionally
robust optimization model to address the transmission expansion planning
considering wind turbine-powered microgrids (MGs) under the impact of
uncertainties. The primary objective of the presented methodology is to
devise a robust expansion strategy that accounts for both short-term
variability and long-term uncertainty over the planning horizon from the
perspective of a central planner. In this framework, the central planner
fosters the construction of appropriate transmission lines and the
deployment of optimal MG-based generating units among profit-driven
private investors. Short-term uncertainties, stemming from variations in
load demands and production levels of stochastic units, are modeled
through operating conditions. The Wasserstein distance uncertainty set
is used to characterize the long-term uncertainty about the future load
demand. To ensure the tractability of the proposed planning model, the
authors introduce a decomposition framework embedded with a modified
application of Bender’s method. To validate the efficiency and highlight
the potential benefits of the proposed expansion planning methodology,
two case studies based on simplified IEEE 6-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems
are included. These case studies assess the effectiveness of the
presented approach, its ability to navigate uncertainties, and its
capacity to effectively optimize expansion decisions.