Black Carbon Inclusion in Aviation-Induced Cirrus Induces Increased
Depolarization
Abstract
Black carbon emitted in the aircraft exhaust plume has the potential to
seed cirrus clouds, as well as modify optical properties of existing
clouds. Optical differences between natural- and aviation-induced cirrus
are not well characterized or understood. This study combines datasets
containing advected aircraft locations with two sources of LIDAR
observations. We find that ice clouds that correspond to the locations
of aircraft exhaust plumes show higher depolarization ratios (mean
increase of 3.36% [95% CI: 3.19% to 3.54%]). This increase in
depolarization occurs without a proportional increase in backscatter,
but with a large increase in extinction (mean increase from 5.58e-5
[95% CI: 3.70e-5 to 7.50e-5] to 1.78e-4 [95% CI: 1.38e-4 to
2.17e-4]). Using linear optical scattering theory, we show that these
changes are well explained by the inclusion of black carbon within the
ice crystals. No suitable explanation has previously been offered to
explain this measured increase in depolarization.