Modeling Spatial Distributions of Tidal Marsh Blue Carbon using
Morphometric Parameters from Lidar
Abstract
Tidal marshes serve as important “blue carbon” ecosystems that
sequester large amounts of carbon with limited area. While much
attention has been paid to the spatial variability of sedimentation
within salt marshes, less work has been done to characterize spatial
variability in marsh soil carbon density. Soil properties in marshes
vary spatially with several parameters, including marsh platform
elevation, which controls inundation depth, and proximity to the marsh
edge and tidal creek network, which control variability in relative
sediment supply. We used lidar to extract these morphometric parameters
from tidal marshes to map soil organic carbon at the meter scale. Fixed
volume soil samples were collected in 2021 at four northeast U.S. tidal
marshes with distinctive morphologies to aid in building predictive
models. Tidal creeks were delineated from 1-m resolution topobathy lidar
data using a semi-automated workflow in GIS. Log-linear multivariate
regression models were developed to predict soil organic content, bulk
density, and carbon density as a function of predictive metrics at each
site and across sites. Results show that modeling salt marsh soil
characteristics with morphometric inputs works best in marshes with
single connected creek network morphologies. Distance from tidal creeks
was the most significant model predictor. Addition of distance to the
inlet and tidal range as regional metrics significantly improves
cross-site modeling. Our mechanistic approach results in predicted total
marsh carbon stocks comparable to previous studies but captures
important meter level variation. Further, we provide motivation to
continue rigorous mapping of soil carbon at fine spatial resolutions.