Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological condition that is significantly more prevalent when people become older. It may start out early or late. A rise in levels of proinflammatory cytokines and microglial activation, both of which contribute to the central nervous system’s inflammatory state, are characteristics of AD (CNS). As opposed to this, periodontitis is a widespread oral infection brought on by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. By releasing proinflammatory cytokines into the systemic circulation, periodontitis can be classified as a “low-grade systemic disease.” Periodontitis and AD are linked by inflammation, which is recognized to play a crucial influence in both the illness and treatment process. The current review sought to highlight the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are released during periodontal and Alzheimer’s diseases in the pathophysiology of both conditions. It also addresses the puzzling relationship between AD and periodontitis, highlighting the etiology, and potential ramifications.