Gut immunity is regulated by the gut microbiota, glycans, and
the immune system
The GI system has a complex and multifaceted immune regulation. The
gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs) develop before birth and include
mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), appendix, Peyer’s patches, and isolated
lymphoid follicles64,65. The gut microbiota and the
immune system work together to establish and maintain homeostasis (Fig.
1).