Ghil is a founder of theoretical climate dynamics and of advanced data assimilation methodology. He has applied systematically dynamical systems theory to atmospheric and oceanic flows and to the whole-Earth system. His studies of climate variability on many time scales have used a full hierarchy of models, from the simplest ‘toy’ models all the way to Earth system models. Recently, he has contributed to data analysis and modeling in macroeconomics, population dynamics, and coupled climate-economy-biosphere modeling. Ghil has authored or edited a dozen books and co-authored over 350 papers in a variety of fields. He played a key role in national and international projects, is a member of several national academies, and holds a few top-level distinctions.