Designing and Modelling of Trivalent Chimeric Vaccine for Capripoxvirus:
Lumpy Skin Disease, Sheep Pox and Goat Pox by Immunoinformatics
Approaches
Abstract
Capripoxvirus, a member of the poxviridae family causes three
economically important diseases in ruminants namely, lumpy skin disease
(LSD) in cattle, sheeppox in sheep, and goatpox in goats. Albeit
non-zoonotic in nature, they have the potential to cause high economic
loss among the farmers. Capripoxvirus members share common structural
proteins and can rise cross-immunity among them. The present study aimed
to design a recombinant chimeric vaccine from immunogenic proteins of
these three members to protect all the host species by using
immunoinformatics analysis and adding approved adjuvants. The
palmitoylated EEV (Extracellular Enveloped Virion) membrane glycoprotein
of LSD virus, SPPV-ORF 117 of sheeppox virus, B5R (EEV host range
protein) of goatpox virus, and a common protein to all the members, P32,
were the major immunodominant proteins used in the present chimeric
vaccine construction. Several computational programs were employed to
define the most immunogenic regions in selected proteins and different
possible adjuvants and universal T-helper agonists were linked to the
new construct. The designed vaccine construct was examined for
physicochemical properties, immunogenicity and the 3D model was designed
by using reliable software. Docking analysis and Molecular Dynamics
simulation were carried out to determine the interaction between the
designed vaccine and TLR molecules. Consequently, the lowest energy
value showed the greater ability of the designed vaccine to interact
with TLRs to induce an immune response. Besides appropriate
physicochemical properties and acceptable stability in different host
cells, the final designed vaccine is expected to have potential in
stimulating both the humoral and cellular responses.