Discovered exo-planets capable of N2 iceberg ejection
Within their paper, Desch and Jackson assert the fact that our solar system likely produced high quantities of nitrogen Icebergs that have been sent into interstellar space by the disrupting gravitational pull of a migrated Neptune, which not only causes collisions that would break up the objects within the Kuiper belt so that they would become more ‘Oumuamua sized, but also removes them from their orbit so that they may travel into interstellar space. The location of the exo-Kuiper belt, and therefore the planet that disrupts its orbit, must be a certain distance away from the sun so that the Nitrogen can reach a frozen state. The objects within the solar system range highly in their temperatures, however, it is only Pluto and the other Kuiper Belt Objects that have the low temperature available to cause nitrogen to freeze. Nitrogen freezes at 63 kelvin, and Pluto maintains a temperature of approximately 47 K⁷,⁸. Neptune itself, despite causing the disruption of many plutoids and overlapping Pluto’s orbit, has a temperature of 72 K, most likely due to the greenhouse effect¹⁰. This means that for a planet to exist that is suitable to disrupt objects with nitrogen ice, in a star similar to our own, that planet must exist roughly at the distance from the sun that Pluto is and at the far end of Neptune’s orbit. This is about 30 Astronomical Units away from that type of star⁹. Of course, as far as stars go, ours is pretty luminous, so in order to approximate the temperature of exoplanets with stars different from our own, the following equation will be utilized: