Ranolazine reduces oxidative damage and improves kidney function in
cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity
Abstract
Cisplatin (CIS)-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with oxidative
stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. In this study, we
investigated the therapeutic effects of ranolazine (RAN), a current
antianginal drug known to experimentally reduce oxidative damage in
CIS-induced nephrotoxicity. We randomly assigned thirty-two Sprague
Dawley rats to one of four groups (Control, CIS, CIS+RAN, and RAN+CIS).
We evaluated kidney function parameters including blood urea nitrogen
(BUN), creatinine (Cre), electrolytes, and albumin, as well as tissue
biochemical parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant
enzymes. Histopathological parameters were also assessed. We observed a
significant increase in BUN and Cre values in the CIS group compared to
the control group (p<0.05). However, there was a significant
decrease in BUN values (p<0.05) in the CIS+RAN and RAN+CIS
groups compared to the CIS group. In contrast, the decrease in Cre
values did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05), and
serum electrolytes were comparable among groups. Furthermore, a
statistically significant increase in albumin levels was observed in the
CIS+RAN group compared to the CIS group (p<0.05). MDA levels
were significantly decreased in the CIS+RAN group compared to the CIS
group, indicating the antioxidant activity of RAN (p<0.05).
Histopathological analysis revealed that necrosis and dilatation in
epithelial cells of cortical and medullary tubules were more prominent
in the CIS group (p<0.0001). However, in the RAN+CIS group,
the histopathological changes observed in the CIS group were found to be
significantly reduced (p<0.0001). Degenerative changes in
tubules were observed in the CIS+RAN group (p>0.05). Our
findings suggest that the beneficial effects of RAN on CIS-induced
nephrotoxicity may be related to its antioxidant activity.