Inhibitory transmission and anesthetic agents
GABA is the major inhibitory transmitter throughout the CNS (Figure 3).
Most of inhibitory effects are mediated by postsynaptic
GABAA subtype receptors, including its role in
anesthesia and inhibition of consciousness. With the key cortical and
subcortical regions that contribute to consciousness,
GABAA receptor-mediated major inhibitory action.
Inhibition of excitatory transmission by activating
GABAA receptors likely led to widespread inhibition of
neural transmission. Most commonly used anesthetic agents such as
propofol, etomidate, thiopental, and isoflurane act through
GABAA receptors (Brohan & Goudra, 2017; Hemmingset al. , 2019). The proposed targets include endogenous sleep
circuits, and ascending arousal pathways (Hemmings, 2017). With the ACC,
it has been reported that ACC pyramidal neurons receive local inhibitory
modulation (Cao et al. , 2010; Bliss et al. , 2016).