Primary Frequency Regulation for Multi-Infeed HVDC System Using Model
Predictive Control and Local Estimation
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel primary frequency regulation (PFR) scheme
for Multi infeed HVDC (MIDC) system. First, a dynamic model for
frequency response (FR) in MIDC system is carried out to involve
LCC-HVDCs in frequency regulation. Then, a disturbance observer (DO) is
proposed to estimate both the power imbalance and the full order states
of the system. By combining a Kalman filter (KF), this DO gets an
accurate estimation quickly with local frequency measurement. On the
basis of the estimated disturbance and state variables, feedforward
control schemes can be concluded to fully utilize the fast adjustability
of LCC-HVDCs. In this paper, an model predictive control (MPC) based
scheme is designed to coordinate LCC-HVDCs under constraints of HVDC
capacity and frequency boundaries. As a result, the optimal
power-sharing property of LCC-HVDCs is achieved to enhance the PFR
dynamic performance of the AC main system. Further, the stability of the
proposed method is analyzed using Lyapunov method. Finally, numerical
simulations are concluded to verify the effectiveness and the merits of
the proposed method, by comparing it to typical droop controls.