Figure Legends
Figure 1. Overview of the workflow for data collection and analysis. Images are from the Allen Brain Atlas and Matlab (Mathworks).
Figure 2 . FKBP5 mRNA is expressed in MDD-relevant brain regions across species. A) Heat maps of FKBP5 mRNA expression in selected regions of human and non-human primate (NHP) brains. Top) Relative FKBP5 mRNA expression for selected human brain regions over time; prenatal is expressed as post-conceptual weeks (pcw) and postnatal is expressed as years (yrs). The category 30+ contains 30, 36, 37, and 40 years. Bottom) Relative FKBP5 mRNA expression for selected NHP brain regions over time; prenatal is expressed as embryonic days (E) and postnatal is expressed as months (mo). In both heat maps, a gray cell indicates no data available. Regions analyzed were prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HPC), amygdaloid complex (AMG), striatum (STR), primary visual cortex (V1), and all other available regions which are not transitory (a transitory region only exists during finite embryonic periods). The black lines connecting the two heat maps indicate the ages which are developmentally similar between species (Kang et al., 2011; Zhu et al., 2018). B) FKBP5 mRNA is expressed in the adult mouse brain in areas relevant for MDD. Top) Log2 expression values of FKBP5 mRNA in different brain regions, obtained from quantification of in situhybridization data from the Allen mouse brain atlas. Abbreviations: OLF, olfactory areas; HPF, hippocampal formation; CTXsp, cortical subplate; STR, striatum; PAL, globus pallidus; TH, thalamus; HY, hypothalamus; MB, midbrain; P, pons; MY, medulla oblongata; CB, cerebellum. Bottom) Representative picture showing FKBP5 mRNA expression on a sagittal section of the adult mouse brain. High and low expression levels are in red/yellow and green/blue, respectively. Abbreviations: PFC, prefrontal cortex; dHPC, dorsal hippocampus; vHPC, ventral hippocampus; CB, cerebellum. Scale bar: 1.68 mm.
Figure 3. FKBP5 mRNA expression is upregulated in the prefrontal cortex of socially defeated mice and MDD patients. A) FKBP5 mRNA expression (measured in CPM, counts per million) in the CSDS mouse of MDD (defeated vs. controls; *p<0.05, t-test; **p<0.01, t-test and rank-sum test; “defeated” indicates mice subjected to CSDS). B) FKBP5 mRNA expression (measured as log2 of fragments per kilobase million, FPKM log2) in human MDD (MDD vs. controls, ****p<0.0001, Mann-Whitney test). Abbreviations: Ctrl, control; PFC, prefrontal cortex; dHPC, dorsal hippocampus; vHPC, ventral hippocampus.