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\begin{document}

\title{Impacts of Satellite Reentry on Atmospheric Composition in the Era of
Mega-Constellations: Molecular Dynamics Simulations}



\author[1]{José P. Ferreira}%
\author[1,1]{Ziyu Huang}%
\author[2]{Ken-ichi Nomura}%
\author[1]{Joseph Wang}%
\affil[1]{Department of Astronautical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California}%
\affil[2]{Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 21, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The number of orbiting satellites has increased significantly and in an
unrestricted and unregulated manner in recent years. This trend is
expected to continue with ongoing plans from the commercial space sector
to build mega-constellations of microsatellites. However, the effect of
satellite demise during reentry on Earth's atmosphere has only been
lightly studied, and the long-term impact remains unknown.~

This poster presents, to our knowledge, the first Reactive Force Field
(ReaxFF) Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation study on the atmospheric
chemical mechanisms and byproducts generated by satellite reentry.
Simulations are carried out to resolve chemical reactions and byproducts
for Aluminum -- a typical satellite structure constituent -- under
reentry conditions. MD simulation results are used to estimate the
presence of oxides and predict the accumulated increase of reentry
byproducts in the mesosphere when compared with that from meteoroids
entering atmosphere and other natural sources. A methodology to estimate
the residence time of these substances in the atmosphere is also
presented so as to evaluate the polluting potential of
mega-constellations reentry events.%
\end{abstract}%



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