B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) associated with
hypereosinophilia: A case report and review of the literature
Abstract
Few cases of eosinophilia associated with B cell acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (B-ALL) have been reported. This study reported a 16-year-old
male patient diagnosed with B-ALL and hypereosinophilia. He was admitted
to the emergency department (ED) with urticaria and generalized itching.
On initial examination, the skin was wholly erythematous, and urticarial
lesions were scattered throughout the body. Peripheral blood smear (PBS)
was examined, and eosinophils were seen in different fields. However,
blast cells were not seen in the PBS. In bone marrow examination,
terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-positive and CD20-positive
lymphoid blasts were reported along with eosinophilia. In
immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, results were within normal limits
for the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), platelet-derived
growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα), and platelet-derived growth
factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) genes expressions. Moreover, no breakpoint
cluster region (BCR)/Abelson murine leukemia 1 (ABL1) mRNA transcripts
and no Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation were detected. Eventually,
the B-ALL diagnosis was confirmed for the patient, and he was started on
the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) chemotherapy regimen. The patient was
transferred to another facility and is continuing his treatment there.