Z.-Y. Liu

and 9 more

The Jovian magnetodisk plays an essential role in the dynamics of the Jupiter system by coupling its various components. Here, we investigate the Juno (JADE, JEDI and MAG) observations of the magnetodisk within 20-80 Jupiter radii (RJ) in the 0-6 hour local time sector. JADE and JEDI data are combined to generate equatorial plane distributions of density, pressure, temperature, and anisotropy of electrons, protons, and heavy ions. Results show: (1) Heavy ions dominate both the number density and pressure. (2) The number density and pressure of all species decrease with radial distance. (3) The temperature increases for electrons and heavy ions and decreases for protons as radial distance increases. (4) On average, the parallel pressure exceeds the perpendicular pressure for all species. Based on these distributions, we explore the equilibrium and dynamics of the magnetodisk and show that: (1) Radial force balance is primarily achieved between the inward magnetic stress and the outward plasma anisotropy force. (2) An examination of the kappa parameters indicates that electrons, protons, and heavy ions primarily undergo adiabatic motion, magnetic moment diffusion, and stochastic motion, respectively. (3) A radial diffusion coefficient is derived from the radial profile of mass, providing an estimate of the timescale for radial transport from 20 to 80 RJ of  7 hours. (4) The total mass (\(5\times10^7\) kg) and thermal energy(\(3.8\times10^{37}\) eV) of the magnetodisk between 20 and 80 RJ are obtained.

Robert Wilkes Ebert

and 20 more

We present multi-instrument Juno observations on day-of-year 86, 2017 that link particles and fields in Jupiter’s polar magnetosphere to transient UV emissions in Jupiter’s northern auroral region known as dawn storms. Juno ranged from 42ºN - 51ºN in magnetic latitude and 5.8 – 7.8 jovian radii (1 RJ = 71,492 km) during this period. These dawn storm emissions consisted of two separate, elongated structures which extended into the nightside, rotated with the planet, had enhanced brightness (up to at least 1.4 megaRayleigh) and high color ratios. The color ratio is a proxy for the atmospheric penetration depth and therefore the energy of the electrons that produce the UV emissions. Juno observed electrons and ions on magnetic field lines mapping to these emissions. The electrons were primarily field-aligned, bi-directional, and, at times, exhibited sudden intensity decreases below ~10 keV coincident with intensity enhancements up to energies of ~1000 keV, consistent with the high color ratio observations. The more energetic electron distributions had characteristic energies of ~160 – 280 keV and downward energy fluxes (~70 – 135 mW/m2) that were a significant fraction needed to produce the UV emissions for this event. Magnetic field perturbations up to ~0.7% of the local magnetic field showing evidence of upward and downward field-aligned currents, whistler mode waves, and broadband kilometric radio emissions were also observed along Juno’s trajectory during this timeframe. These high latitude observations show similarities to those in the equatorial magnetosphere associated with dynamics processes such as interchange events, plasma injections, and/or tail reconnection.