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Local Earthquake Tomography in the Tjornes Fracture Zone (North Iceland)
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  • Claudia Abril,
  • Ari Tryggvason,
  • Ólafur Gudmundsson,
  • Rebekka Steffen
Claudia Abril
Icelandic Meteorological Office, Icelandic Meteorological Office, Icelandic Meteorological Office

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Ari Tryggvason
Uppsala University, Uppsala University, Uppsala University
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Ólafur Gudmundsson
Unknown, Unknown, Unknown
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Rebekka Steffen
Lantmäteriet, Lantmäteriet, Lantmäteriet
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Abstract

Local earthquake tomography has been carried out in the Tjornes Fracture Zone. This transform region connects the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with the Northern Volcanic Zone in Iceland in a mostly offshore area. The challenge to record seismic information in this area was the motivation for the North ICeland Experiment (NICE). Fourteen ocean-bottom seismometers and eleven on-land stations were installed in the project and operated simultaneously with the permanent Icelandic seismic network (SIL) during summer 2004. Data from the experiment were used to estimate P- and S-wave crustal velocities. Also, the Bouguer gravity anomaly was derived for comparison with the tomographic results. Upper-crustal velocities are found to be relatively low in the offshore region. In particular, low velocities are mapped along the Husavik-Flatey Fault, where a more confined negative gravity anomaly and a sedimentary basin are found. Low velocities are also mapped along the Grimsey Oblique Rift and in a zone connecting these two main lineaments north of Skjalfandi Bay. The northern half of the aseismic Grimsey Shoal appears as a fast anomaly. Furthermore, localized high-velocity anomalies are found beneath northern Trolaskagi and Flateyjarskagi Peninsulas, where bedrock dates from Upper and Middle Miocene (10-15 Ma). Regions of low Vp/Vs ratio are mapped at depth along the main lineaments. Low velocities along the lineaments are interpreted as due to fracturing extending into the middle crust, while fast upper-crustal velocities beneath Tertiary formations are associated with relic volcanoes. Low Vp/Vs ratios along the lineaments are interpreted as due to the presence of supercritical fluids.
Jun 2021Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth volume 126 issue 6. 10.1029/2020JB020212