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Mature diffuse tectonic block boundary revealed by the 2020 southwestern Puerto Rico seismic sequence
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  • Uri S ten Brink,
  • Elizabeth Vanacore,
  • Eric J. Fielding,
  • Jason D Chaytor,
  • Alberto M Lopez-Venegas,
  • Wayne E Baldwin,
  • David Foster,
  • Brian D Andrews
Uri S ten Brink
United States Geological Survey, United States Geological Survey

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Elizabeth Vanacore
University of Puerto Rico, University of Puerto Rico
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Eric J. Fielding
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech
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Jason D Chaytor
United States Geological Survey, United States Geological Survey
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Alberto M Lopez-Venegas
University of Puerto Rico, University of Puerto Rico
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Wayne E Baldwin
United States Geological survey, United States Geological survey
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David Foster
United States Geological Survey, United States Geological Survey
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Brian D Andrews
United States Geological Survey, United States Geological Survey
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Abstract

Distributed faulting typically tends to coalesce into one or a few faults with repeated deformation. The 2020 seismic sequence in southwestern Puerto Rico (SWPR) was characterized however by rupture of several short intersecting strike-slip and normal faults. The deformation does not appear to have coalesced despite several lines of geological and morphological evidence suggesting repeated deformation since post early Pliocene (~>3 Ma). The progression of clustered medium-sized (≥Mw4.5) earthquakes, modeling shoreline subsidence from InSAR, and sub-seafloor mapping by high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, suggest that the earthquake swarm was distributed across several fault planes beneath the insular shelf and upper slope in the vicinity of Guayanilla submarine canyon. The deformation may represent the southernmost part of a diffuse boundary, the Western Puerto Rico Deformation Boundary, which accommodates differential movement between the Puerto Rico and Hispaniola arc blocks. This differential movement is possibly driven by the differential seismic coupling along the Puerto Rico – Hispaniola subduction zone. We propose that the compositional heterogeneity across the island arc retards the process of focusing the deformation into a single fault. Given the evidence presented here, we should not expect a single large event in this area but similar diffuse sequences in the future.
Mar 2022Published in Tectonics volume 41 issue 3. 10.1029/2021TC006896