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\begin{document}

\title{Reconnection-driven Dynamics at Ganymede's Upstream Magnetosphere: 3D
Global Hall MHD and MHD-EPIC Simulations}



\author[1]{Hongyang Zhou}%
\author[2]{Gabor Toth}%
\author[2]{Xianzhe Jia}%
\author[2]{Yuxi Chen}%
\affil[1]{University of Michigan-Ann Arbor-Ann Arbor}%
\affil[2]{University of Michigan-Ann Arbor}%


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  \date{May 19, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The largest moon in the solar system, Ganymede, is the only moon known
to possess a strong intrinsic magnetic field and a corresponding
magnetosphere.\\
Using the latest version of Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF), we
study the upstream plasma interactions and dynamics in this sub-Alfvenic
system.\\
Results from the Hall MHD and the coupled MHD with embedded
Particle-in-Cell (MHD-EPIC) models are compared.\\
We find that under steady upstream conditions, magnetopause reconnection
occurs in a non-steady manner.\\
Flux ropes of Ganymede's radius in length form on the magnetopause at a
rate about 2/minute and create spatiotemporal variations in plasma and
field properties.\\
Upon reaching proper grid resolutions, the MHD-EPIC model can resolve
both electron and ion kinetics at the magnetopause and show localized
non-gyrotropic behavior inside the diffusion region.\\
The estimated global reconnection rate from the models is about 80 kV
with 60\% efficiency, and there is weak evidence of about 1 minute
periodicity in the temporal variations due to the dynamic reconnection
process.%
\end{abstract}%



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