Evaluating Processing Choices for the Geodetic Estimation of Earth
Orientation Parameters with Numerical Models of Global Geophysical
Fluids
Abstract
Different Earth orientation parameter (EOP) time series are publicly
available that typically arise from the combination of individual space
geodetic technique solutions. The applied processing strategies and
choices lead to systematically differing signal and noise
characteristics particularly at the shortest periods between 2 and 8
days. We investigate the consequences of typical choices by introducing
new experimental EOP solutions obtained from combinations at either
normal equation level processed by DGFI-TUM and BKG, or observation
level processed by ESA. All those experiments contribute to an effort
initiated by ESA to develop an independent capacity for routine EOP
processing and prediction in Europe. Results are benchmarked against
geophysical model-based effective angular momentum functions processed
by ESMGFZ. We find, that a multi-technique combination at normal
equation level that explicitly aligns a priori station coordinates to
the ITRF2014 frequently outperforms the current IERS standard solution
14C04. A multi-GNSS-only solution already provides very competitive
accuracies for the equatorial components. Quite similar results are also
obtained from a short combination at observation level experiment using
multi-GNSS solutions and SLR from Sentinel-3A and -3B to realize space
links. For ΔUT1, however, VLBI information is known to be critically
important so that experiments combining only GNSS and possibly SLR at
observation level perform worse than combinations of all techniques at
normal equation level. The low noise floor and smooth spectra obtained
from the multi-GNSS solution nevertheless illustrates the potential of
this most rigorous combination approach so that further efforts to
include in particular VLBI are strongly recommended.