\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Capitalizing on the Capabilities of the New Generation of Instruments
for Real-time Quantification and Prediction of Streamflow
Characteristics during Flood Wave Propagation}



\author[1]{Marian Muste}%
\author[2]{Dongsu Kim}%
\author[2]{Kyungdong Kim}%
\author[3]{Xue Fan}%
\author[4]{Isaac Jones}%
\affil[1]{IIHR—Hydroscience and Engineering}%
\affil[2]{Dankook University}%
\affil[3]{SonTek/YSI Inc.}%
\affil[4]{Son Tek/YSI Inc.}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 17, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Advancing the understanding of watershed dynamics and underpinning
scientific studies on the changes in water cycles, ecological patterns,
and climate trends often rely on streamflow data acquired at gaging
stations operated by various monitoring agencies. The monitoring methods
used at these stations are based on empirical or semi-empirical rating
curves obtained with statistical analysis uniformly applied to datasets
collected in steady and unsteady flows. These one-to-one ratings are
subsequently used for estimating steady and unsteady flows, even though,
in the latter case, the relationships between flow variables are
different for the rising and falling phases of the flow hydrographs. The
non-singled relationships are more prominent in lowland areas subjected
to high flows, where the streamflow variables display a hysteretic
behavior. Recent advances in measurement technologies (e.g., acoustic-,
radar-, and image-based), have dramatically transformed our capabilities
to conduct in-situ measurements. This paper demonstrates such
capabilities by presenting new information extracted from directly
measured data and novel algorithms applied to simultaneous measurements
of stages and index velocities acquired with a SonTek Side-Looker
(pertaining to the family of Horizontal Acoustic Current
Profilers-HADCP) at a river location prone to hysteresis. The presented
results demonstrate a) the capability of the conventional monitoring
methods (i.e., index-velocity approach supported by HADCPs) to capture
the dynamics of the unsteady flows, b) the opportunity offered by HADCP
measurements to re-think monitoring methods altogether by using directly
measured data and their spatial and temporal gradients in conjunction
with canonical flow equations (i.e., St Venant Equations) without using
ratings, and c) the opportunity to exploit subtle features of the
hysteretic behavior for developing short-term forecasting of flood crest
magnitude and its arrival time using only in-situ acquired data, without
making recourse to hydrologic/hydraulic modeling. Moving away from the
traditional empirically based ratings, would unquestionably contribute
to reducing uncertainties related to modeling flow routing, thus
improving the quality of conventional forecasts.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy


\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`essoar.10509921.1.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/552393/articles/604734-capitalizing-on-the-capabilities-of-the-new-generation-of-instruments-for-real-time-quantification-and-prediction-of-streamflow-characteristics-during-flood-wave-propagation}

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

