Forward and inverse models relating river long profile to monotonic
step-changes in tectonic rock uplift rate history: A theoretical
perspective under a nonlinear slope-erosion dependency
Abstract
The long profile of rivers is widely considered as a recorded of
tectonic uplift rate. Knickpoints form in response to rate changes and
faster rates produce steeper channel segments. However, when the
exponent relating fluvial incision to river slope, n, is not
unity, the links between tectonic rates and channel profile are
complicated by channel dynamics that consume and form river segments.
Here, we explore non-linear cases leading to channel segment consumption
and develop a Lagrangian analytic model for knickpoint migration. We
derive a criterion for knickpoint preservation and merging, and develop
a forward analytic model that resolves knickpoint and long profile
evolution before and after knickpoint merging. We further propose a
linear inverse scheme to infer tectonic history from river profiles when
all knickpoints are preserved. Our description provides a new framework
to explore the links between tectonic uplift rates and river profile
evolution when n!=1.