Figure S1 . Comparison between the spatial patterns of
MLDmax from (top) CESM1-BEC simulated for the beginning
of the 21st century (2005-2024) and (bottom) World
Ocean Atlas 2013 decadal climatology, calculated based on gridded
temperature and salinity data and density criterion of 0.125 kg
m-3 increase from the surface (Δσϴ)
for determining mixed layer depth. CESM1-BEC produces
MLDmax with similar spatial patterns to the
observational climatology data from the World Ocean Atlas, though with
deeper MLDmax than the observations in the northeast
Pacific and subpolar North Atlantic and shallower MLDmaxin the Southern Ocean.