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\begin{document}

\title{What can we learn from observed temperature and salinity isopycnal
anomalies at eddy generation sites? Application in the Tropical Atlantic
Ocean}



\author[1]{Habib Micaël Agnédjo AGUEDJOU}%
\author[2]{Alexis Chaigneau}%
\author[3]{Isabelle DADOU}%
\author[4]{Yves Morel}%
\author[5]{Cori Pegliasco}%
\author[6]{Casimir Yelognisse Da-Allada}%
\author[7]{Ezinvi Baloïtcha}%
\affil[1]{Laboratoire D'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiale, University of Toulouse, CNES,CNRS, IRD,UPS}%
\affil[2]{LEGOS/IRD}%
\affil[3]{Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et Oceanographie Spatiales}%
\affil[4]{LEGOS, Toulouse, France}%
\affil[5]{LEGOS}%
\affil[6]{UNSTIM}%
\affil[7]{CIPMA}%


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  \date{May 19, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Potential vorticity (PV) is a key parameter to analyze the generation
and dynamics of oceanic mesoscale eddies. Adiabatic and diabatic
processes can be involved in the generation of localized PV anomalies
and vortices. However, PV is difficult to evaluate at mesoscale. In this
study we argue that eddies created by diapycnal mixing or isopycnal
advection of water-masses are associated with PV anomalies and
significant isopycnal temperature/salinity anomalies (\selectlanguage{romanian}\emph{Ɵ'/S'}). In
contrast, eddies created by friction are associated with PV anomalies
but with non-significant isopycnal \emph{Ɵ'/S'}. Based on 18 years of
satellite altimetry data and vertical \emph{Ɵ/S} profiles from Argo
floats, we analyze the isopycnal \emph{Ɵ'/S'} within new-born eddies in
the tropical Atlantic Ocean (TAO) and discuss the possible mechanisms
involved in their generation. Our results show that on
density-coordinates system, both anticyclonic (AEs) and cyclonic (CEs)
eddies can exhibit positive, negative or non-significant isopycnal
\emph{Ɵ'/S'}. Almost half of the sampled eddies do not have significant
\emph{Ɵ'/S'} at their generation site, suggesting that frictional
effects play a significant role in the generation of their PV anomalies.
The other half of eddies, likely generated by diapycnal mixing or
isopycnal advection, exhibits significant positive or negative anomalies
with typical \emph{Ɵ'} of \selectlanguage{ngerman}±0.5°C. More than 70\% of these significant
eddies are subsurface-intensified, having their cores below the seasonal
pycnocline. Refined analyses of the vertical structure of new-born
eddies in three selected subregions of the TAO, show the dominance of
cold (warm) subsurface AEs (CEs) likely due to isopycnal advection of
large scale PV and temperature.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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