The Contribution of Clouds to Northern Hemisphere Surface Temperature
Variability on Monthly to Decadal Timescales
Abstract
Cloud radiative effects (CRE) have well documented impacts on mean
climate, and have recently been found to play a key role in climate
variability in the tropics. Here we probe the role of CRE in surface
temperature variability in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). We compare
output from two climate simulations: one in which clouds are coupled to
the atmospheric circulation and another in which they are decoupled from
the flow. Cloud-circulation coupling leads to widespread increases in NH
surface temperature variability, particularly over the oceans and on
decadal timescales. Notably, it leads to substantial increases in
decadal temperature variability averaged over the North Atlantic and
North Pacific basins. The increases derive from the ‘reddening’ of
surface temperature variability by cloud shortwave radiative effects.
The results have implications for the interpretation of observed decadal
variability, and the importance of cloud-circulation coupling for
simulations of decadal variability in climate models.