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First Observations of the New MEXART's Digital System
  • +7
  • J. Americo Gonzalez-Esparza,
  • Julio Cesar Mejia-Ambriz,
  • E. Aguilar-Rodriguez,
  • Pablo Villanueva,
  • E. Andrade,
  • Alessio Magro,
  • Riccardo Chiello,
  • D. Cutajar,
  • J. Borg,
  • K. Zarb-Adami
J. Americo Gonzalez-Esparza
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Julio Cesar Mejia-Ambriz
UNAM, UNAM
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E. Aguilar-Rodriguez
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
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Pablo Villanueva
UNAM, UNAM
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E. Andrade
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
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Alessio Magro
Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, Univesity of Malta, Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, Univesity of Malta
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Riccardo Chiello
Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford
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D. Cutajar
Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, Univesity of Malta, Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, Univesity of Malta
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J. Borg
Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, Univesity of Malta, Malta, Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, Univesity of Malta, Malta
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K. Zarb-Adami
Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford, Department of Astrophysics, University of Oxford
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Abstract

The Mexican Array Radio Telescope (MEXART) is a transit instrument mainly dedicated to performing Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) observations with a central operating frequency of 139.65 MHz. The main scientific objective is to perform studies of solar wind properties and space weather effects. MEXART initially operated with an analog beamformer (16x16 Butler matrix), which produced 16 fixed latitudinal beams. MEXART began operations and reported the first measurements of IPS sources. MEXART’s beamforming system had several problems, however. The North-South beams had poor directivity, with large side lobes, and the instrument did not achieve the expected performance. Therefore, we commissioned the design and construction of a digital back-end. The digital system solved the problems with the beamforming, increased the bandwidth, and improved significantly the instrument’s sensitivity. In this paper, we present the first light of MEXART’s digital system. We describe the new technical capabilities of the instrument, and we show some preliminary results: an estimation of the radio telescope’s sensitivity ($\Delta S_{min} = 2.28 \pm 0.23$ Jy), the transit of the Galaxy at 140 MHz with the simultaneous tracking of 62 latitudinal beams, and an example of an IPS observation and the single-station methodology to calculate the solar wind speed. The new technical capabilities of the radio telescope will provide the potential to participate in several scientific studies. These include solar wind properties, space weather forecasting, ionospheric perturbations, and astrophysical aims such as monitoring of repeating Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), and pulsars’ observations.
Jan 2022Published in Radio Science volume 57 issue 1. 10.1029/2021RS007317