Abstract
As a rule, the phase velocity of unstable Farley-Buneman waves is found
not to exceed the ion-acoustic speed, cs. However, there are known
exceptions: under strong electric field conditions, much faster Doppler
shifts than expected cs values are sometimes observed
with coherent radars at high latitudes. These Doppler shifts are
associated with narrow spectral width situations. To find out how much
faster than cs these Doppler shifts might be, we
developed a proper cs model as a function of altitude
and electric field strength based on ion frictional heating and on a
recently developed empirical model of the electron temperature under
strong electric field conditions. Motivated by the ‘narrow fast’
observations, we then explored how ion drifts in the upper part of the
unstable region could add to the Doppler shift observed with coherent
radars. While there can be no ion drift contribution for the most
unstable modes, and therefore no difference with cs for
such modes, under strong electric field conditions, a large ion drift
contribution of either sign needs to be added to the Doppler shift of
more weakly unstable modes, turning them into ‘fast-‘ or ‘slow-’ narrow
spectra. Particularly between 110 and 115 km, the ion drift can alter
the Doppler shift of the more weakly unstable modes by several 100 m/s,
to the point that their largest phase velocities could approach the
ambient E x B drift itself.