This study addresses the modeling of deep-seated landslides, focusing on the El Forn landslide in Andorra, using remote sensing and data-driven approaches to create risk maps. A temperature-based model is adjusted with data from an instrumented borehole to determine material properties and conditions. The calibrated model is compared to Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data, using the data for spatial analysis and creating a correlation map through kriging. This map leads to a physics-informed risk map indicating areas of instability. An uncertainty analysis of the model highlights its limitations but underscores the utility of such maps for policy and planning in areas prone to landslides. This approach provides a novel tool for assessing landslide risks, combining in-situ and remote sensing data for effective risk management.

In this paper, the effect of the rolling and damping values on the macro friction coefficient have been investigated. The introduction of the viscous rolling relaxation induces a friction weakening. Hence, it has been highlighted that this element can act against the angular spring and decreases the sample stiffness. This influence must be considered to not overestimate the toughness of a fault.

A suggested model to explain the episodic nature of slow earthquakes involves shear zones exhibiting rate-and temperature-dependent frictional behaviour hosting fluid-release chemical reactions. In this work we extend the considerations of that approach, coupling the effects of the mechanics at different faulting regimes to the chemically induced fluid pressurization inside the fault. By introducing a pressure and temperature dependence of the mechanical response in an elasto-visco-plastic model we are able to correlate the inclination angles of those specific faults with their dynamical response and enrich their faulting regimes with kinematic characterisa-tion. We retrieve that steeply dipping (normal) faults exhibit a simple response of either being locked or slip at fast seismic velocities; shallow dipping (reverse) faults on the other hand exhibit a much richer behaviour where episodic stick-slip instabilities can be encountered. When present, their magnitude depends on the (reverse) fault’s angle with faults dipping at around 45 • exhibiting a maximum, whereas sub-horizontal thrusts exhibit episodic stick-slip events as low velocities and magnitude. These findings position slow earthquakes and episodic tremor and slip sequences as a natural response of shallow dipping (thrust) faults, in a regime that according to rate-and-state friction considerations is intrinsically stable.