Global constraints on intermediate-depth intraslab stresses from slab
geometries and mechanisms of double seismic zone earthquakes
Abstract
Double seismic zones (DSZs), parallel planes of intermediate-depth
earthquakes inside oceanic slabs, have been observed in a number of
subduction zones and may be a ubiquitous feature of downgoing oceanic
plates. Focal mechanism observations from DSZ earthquakes sample the
intraslab stress field at two distinct depth levels within the downgoing
lithosphere. A pattern of downdip compressive over downdip extensive
events was early on interpreted to indicate an unbending-dominated
intraslab stress field. In the present study, we show that the intraslab
stress field in the depth range of DSZs is much more variable than
previously thought. Compiling DSZ locations and mechanisms from
literature, we observe that the “classical’ pattern of compressive over
extensive events is only observed at about half of the DSZ locations
around the globe. The occurrence of extensional mechanisms across both
planes accounts for most other regions. To obtain an independent
estimate of the bending state of slabs at intermediate depths, we
compute (un)bending estimates from slab geometries taken from the slab2
compilation of slab surface depths. We find no clear global prevalence
of slab unbending at intermediate depths, and the occurrence of DSZ
seismicity does not appear to be limited to regions of slab unbending.
Focal mechanism observations are frequently inconsistent with
(un)bending estimates from slab geometries, which may imply that bending
stresses are not always prevalent, and that other stress types such as
in-plane tension due to slab pull or shallow compression due to friction
along the plate interface may also play an important role.