Dynamics of diurnal methane emission from seagrass meadow and mangrove
creek at estuaries of northwest Gulf of Mexico
Abstract
Seagrasses and mangroves are crucial sources of atmospheric methane
(CH4) from coastal areas. To study the dynamics of
CH4 cycling at subtropical seagrass and mangrove, we
studied diurnal CH4 emissions at the sea-air and
sediment-water interfaces and related environmental parameters in August
2019 at lagoonal estuaries of southern Texas, USA, northwest coast of
the Gulf of Mexico. Although seagrass meadows and mangroves locate at
closely connected subtropical estuaries, they displayed distinct
mechanisms in CH4 cycling. Dissolved CH4
concentration at the seagrass meadow decreased in the daytime and
increased overnight, expressing a tight relationship with photosynthesis
and respiration of seagrass. Plant mediation of seagrass played a
crucial role in CH4 production, oxidation, and transport
from sediment to water column. In comparison, the diel variation of
dissolved CH4 concentration at the mangrove creek was
controlled by tidal progression. The maximum CH4 level
occurred during ebb due to the export of CH4 from inside
the mangrove to the outside bay. Tidal pumping and tidal inundation were
essential conduits for dissolved CH4 exchange between
water and porewater. In both areas, sea-air CH4 fluxes
were significantly affected by wind speeds, which hid related diurnal
variations caused by physiological or tidal cycles. Our study also
revealed a more significant contribution from seagrass to the local
CH4 budget than from mangroves, indicating
CH4 released from subtropical seagrass needs further
investigation.